Node.js HTTP 客户端隧道代理：axios / got / http 三种实现对比

Node.js 生态的代理方案

Node.js 的 HTTP 客户端通过 http-proxy-agent / https-proxy-agent 包实现代理支持。其中 https-proxy-agent 支持在 HTTPS CONNECT 阶段传入自定义头，实现 Proxy-Tunnel。

环境准备

export PROXY_HOST=t.16yun.cn
export PROXY_PORT=31111
export PROXY_USERNAME=your-username
export PROXY_PASSWORD=your-password
export PROXY_TUNNEL=nodejs-demo-12345

方案一：axios + https-proxy-agent

https-proxy-agent 的第二个参数 options.headers 可以在 CONNECT 阶段注入自定义头：

const axios = require('axios');
const { HttpProxyAgent } = require('http-proxy-agent');
const { HttpsProxyAgent } = require('https-proxy-agent');

const host = process.env.PROXY_HOST || 't.16yun.cn';
const port = process.env.PROXY_PORT || '31111';
const user = process.env.PROXY_USERNAME || 'user';
const pass = process.env.PROXY_PASSWORD || 'password';
const proxyUrl = `http://${user}:${pass}@${host}:${port}`;

// 场景 C-HTTPS：Proxy-Tunnel 固定 IP
const tunnelVal = process.env.PROXY_TUNNEL || 'axios-demo';
const httpsAgent = new HttpsProxyAgent(proxyUrl, {
  headers: { 'Proxy-Tunnel': tunnelVal }, // CONNECT 阶段发送
});

async function main() {
  for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
    const resp = await axios.get('https://httpbin.org/ip', {
      httpsAgent,
      timeout: 15000,
    });
    console.log(`请求 ${i}: ${resp.data.origin}`);
  }
}
main();

四种场景在 axios 中的实现

// 场景 A：强制切换——每次创建新 Agent
for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
  const agent = new HttpsProxyAgent(proxyUrl);
  const resp = await axios.get('https://httpbin.org/ip', {
    httpsAgent: agent,
    headers: { 'Connection': 'close', 'Proxy-Connection': 'close' },
  });
}

// 场景 B：Keep-Alive——复用 Agent
const agentKeep = new HttpsProxyAgent(proxyUrl);
for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
  const resp = await axios.get('https://httpbin.org/ip', {
    httpsAgent: agentKeep,
    headers: { 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Proxy-Connection': 'keep-alive' },
  });
}

// 场景 C-HTTP：Proxy-Tunnel——请求头添加
const resp = await axios.get('http://httpbin.org/ip', {
  httpAgent: new HttpProxyAgent(proxyUrl),
  headers: { 'Proxy-Tunnel': tunnelVal },
});

// 场景 C-HTTPS：Proxy-Tunnel——Agent options 注入
const tunnelAgent = new HttpsProxyAgent(proxyUrl, {
  headers: { 'Proxy-Tunnel': tunnelVal },
});
const resp = await axios.get('https://httpbin.org/ip', { httpsAgent: tunnelAgent });

方案二：got

got 通过 agent 参数支持代理：

const got = require('got');
const { HttpsProxyAgent } = require('https-proxy-agent');

const tunnelVal = process.env.PROXY_TUNNEL || 'got-demo';
const agent = {
  https: new HttpsProxyAgent(proxyUrl, {
    headers: { 'Proxy-Tunnel': tunnelVal },
  }),
};

(async () => {
  for (let i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
    const resp = await got('https://httpbin.org/ip', { agent });
    console.log(`请求 ${i}: ${JSON.parse(resp.body).origin}`);
  }
})();

方案三：原生 http 模块

Node.js 原生 http.request 直接发送 Proxy-Authorization 和 Proxy-Tunnel：

const http = require('http');
const { URL } = require('url');

const target = 'http://httpbin.org/ip';
const u = new URL(target);

const auth = Buffer.from(`${user}:${pass}`).toString('base64');

const options = {
  hostname: host,
  port: parseInt(port),
  method: 'GET',
  path: target,
  headers: {
    'Host': u.hostname,
    'Proxy-Authorization': `Basic ${auth}`,
    'Proxy-Tunnel': process.env.PROXY_TUNNEL || 'http-demo',
  },
};

const req = http.request(options, (res) => {
  console.log('status:', res.statusCode);
  res.setEncoding('utf8');
  res.on('data', (chunk) => process.stdout.write(chunk));
});
req.on('error', (e) => console.error('error:', e.message));
req.end();

原生 http 模块只能处理 HTTP 目标。HTTPS 目标需要通过 http-proxy-agent 或 https-proxy-agent 实现隧道。

三种方案对比

错误排查

curl -x http://$PROXY_USERNAME:$PROXY_PASSWORD@$PROXY_HOST:$PROXY_PORT https://httpbin.org/ip